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Hepatitis BJanuary 2025Summary reviewed August 2026

New Hep B Vaccine Works in 9 in 10 People With HIV Who Failed Standard Shots

Many people with HIV don't respond to the standard hepatitis B vaccine, leaving them vulnerable to infection. A newer vaccine with a different immune booster worked in 93% of these non-responders after just two doses — better than three doses of the old vaccine, which worked in 81%.

What the trial was testing

The BEE-HIVE enrolled 638 patients with hepatitis b. The study was sponsored by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and tracked outcomes across the full group of patients who matched the trial's eligibility profile.

It was a large trial designed to confirm whether the treatment works well enough for wider use. Trials at this stage are designed to produce evidence regulators and physicians can act on — not just observations to follow up later.

What the results showed

93% of people with HIV who failed standard hepatitis B vaccine responded to just two doses of the new vaccine.

JAMA · 2025 · NCT04193189

These findings — that people with HIV who failed standard hep B vaccine responded to the newer vaccine — were published in the JAMA and represent the headline result of the study.

Researchers tracked outcomes across 638 patients enrolled in the trial. The result was consistent enough across the group that the team felt confident reporting it.

What this means for patients

For patients with hepatitis b, this result changes the calculus on what to ask their care team about. Whether it changes day-to-day care depends on factors like disease subtype, prior treatments, and where the patient is in their care journey.

What you can do now

If you have HIV and didn't respond to hepatitis B vaccine before, this newer vaccine is FDA-approved and widely available. Talk to your doctor about getting revaccinated — you may only need two shots instead of three, and it's much more likely to protect you from hepatitis B this time.

Eligibility for the treatments mentioned above depends on specific test results and clinical history. Bring this summary, the trial name, and your most recent labs or pathology report to your next visit.