Comparing three newer treatments for ulcerative colitis after initial therapy fails

This is an observational study comparing how well three different medications work for ulcerative colitis in real-world settings. The three medications being compared are vedolizumab, ustekinumab, and JAK inhibitors (which include tofacitinib, upadacitinib, and filgotinib). The study will follow patients who have already tried one anti-TNF medication and are now starting one of these newer treatments to see which works best and is safest.

Many people with ulcerative colitis don't respond well enough to the first type of medication they try (called anti-TNF drugs). Doctors need to understand which of the newer alternative medications work best in real patients, since each medication works differently in the body and may suit different people.