Tracking immune system defects that increase infection risk

This is a long-term observational study that follows people who have specific immune system weaknesses. Researchers have discovered that some people lack adequate type I interferon immunity—either because of a genetic difference or because their body produces antibodies that block this natural defense. This study will track these individuals over 1 to 4 years to understand how these immune weaknesses affect their risk of infections, autoimmune diseases, and other health events.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists discovered that many people with severe illness had this exact immune weakness. By following these individuals carefully over time, researchers hope to better understand how to prevent serious infections and manage care for people with this condition.