Timing of immunotherapy in high-risk early-stage skin cancer

This study is looking at when anti-PD-1 immunotherapy works best for people with high-risk melanoma at stage IIB, IIC, or early stage III. Researchers are comparing two groups: patients who received this medication before surgery versus patients who received it after surgery, the standard approach. By studying real medical records and outcomes, the researchers hope to understand whether starting treatment earlier makes a difference in how well patients do.

High-risk melanoma can come back after surgery, and doctors want to know if giving immunotherapy before surgery—rather than waiting until after—might help prevent recurrence or improve survival. This study gathers real-world evidence to explore whether the timing of this medication affects patient outcomes.