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Rheumatoid ArthritisOctober 2020Summary reviewed June 2026

What SELECT-CHOICE Found — Upadacitinib for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Researchers tested upadacitinib, a pill taken once daily, against abatacept (an IV medication) in 612 people with rheumatoid arthritis who hadn't improved on other treatments. After 12 weeks, upadacitinib reduced disease activity more and helped 30% of patients reach remission compared to 13% with abatacept.

What the trial was testing

The SELECT-CHOICE enrolled 657 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The study was sponsored by AbbVie and tracked outcomes across the full group of patients who matched the trial's eligibility profile.

It was a large trial designed to confirm whether the treatment works well enough for wider use. Trials at this stage are designed to produce evidence regulators and physicians can act on — not just observations to follow up later.

What the results showed

Upadacitinib helped 30% of patients reach remission at 12 weeks, compared to 13% with abatacept.

The New England journal of medicine · 2020 · NCT03086343

These findings — that patients taking upadacitinib achieved disease remission versus 13% with abatacept — were published in the The New England journal of medicine and represent the headline result of the study.

Researchers tracked outcomes across 657 patients enrolled in the trial. The result was consistent enough across the group that the team felt confident reporting it.

What this means for patients

For patients with rheumatoid arthritis, this result changes the calculus on what to ask their care team about. Whether it changes day-to-day care depends on factors like disease subtype, prior treatments, and where the patient is in their care journey.

What you can do now

Upadacitinib (Rinvoq) is FDA-approved for rheumatoid arthritis that hasn't responded well to other medications. This study showed it worked better than abatacept, but patients taking upadacitinib had more serious side effects including liver problems and blood clots. Talk to your rheumatologist about whether this treatment is right for you and what risks to watch for.

Eligibility for the treatments mentioned above depends on specific test results and clinical history. Bring this summary, the trial name, and your most recent labs or pathology report to your next visit.